Acta Scientiarum Polonorum

The authors also discuss the chosen park complexes describing their history, composition and vegetation. Due to the prevailing heat here, an important role in the gardens of the area plays water in: canals, fountains and cascades. Pergolas and trees designed in the parks, give shadow. In the parks there grow colorful and fragrant plants such as cypresses, orange trees, pomegranates, oleanders, myrtles, water lilies, wisteria and palm trees. Equipment and small architecture is varied in the choice of materials, textures and colors. Modern Islamic landscape architecture continues to derive from its heritage, while seeking some new forms.